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Suffocation in ash is a form of capital punishment in which the individual is suffocated by being in some way immersed into ash to cause asphyxiation. As an execution practice, it is attested from ancient Persia and within a certain Meso-American culture. ==Ancient Persia== In ancient Persia, there existed an execution method where a tower/room was filled with ash, into which the condemned person was plunged. Wheels were constantly turned while he was alive, making the ash whirl about, and the person died by gradual suffocation as he inhaled the ash.〔Rollin, C.:"(The ancient history of the Egyptians, Carthaginians, Assyrians ..., Volume 3 ), London 1735, p.396-98"〕 The description can be found in Valerius Maximus and .〔For Maccabee description, see: George D'Oyly and Richard Mant: "(The Holy Bible: With Notes, Explanatory and Practical... Together ..., Volum 2 )" Oxford 1818, page xcvii and xvii〕 Reputedly, the first to suffer this punishment was Sogdianus. He killed his half-brother Xerxes II around 423 BC. Another half-brother, Ochus (later called Darius II) rebelled against him, and killed Sogdianus in this manner because he had promised Sogdianus he would not die by the sword, by poison or by hunger.〔Kitto, J. "(Palestine: the Bible History of the holy land )" London 1841, p.657〕 At the instigation of his wife Parysatis, Darius II had yet another half-brother, Arsites, executed in the same manner for rebellion, along with Arsites' general Artyphius. Some time later, a rebelling general Pisuthnes met the same fate.〔 In about 162 BC, Menelaus, Jewish high priest at Jerusalem was apparently put to death in this manner by Lysias, regent for Antiochus V, on charges of rebellion.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Suffocation in ash」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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